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The Gerund: (Verbal Noun)
The form of the Verb ending in ‘-ing’ used as a Noun is called Gerund or Verbal Noun.
The form of the Present Participle and Gerund is the same but the usage is different.
Gerund: It has the force of a Verb and Noun. It is a Verbal Noun.
Examples:
Present Participle: It has the force of an Adjective and Verb. It is a Verbal Adjective.
Uses of the Gerund:
As the Subject of a Verb
As the Subject Complement (or Complement of the Verb)
As the Object of a Verb
As the Object of a Preposition
Verbs with Prepositions followed by Gerund
Absolute Construction
In Apposition to a Noun
After Phrasal Verbs
(a verb + preposition or adverb)
Note:
We use Gerund after some phrasal verbs with “to” as a preposition like:
to look forward to, to take to, to be accustomed to, to get around to, and to be used to.
In some fixed expressions
When Noun or Pronoun is used before a Gerund, we have you use its possessive form.
But, we don’t use Possessive Case with the Gerund in the following situations.
2. When the Noun refers to a lifeless thing and comes before a Gerund.
In certain compound Nouns, Gerund + Noun is always used as only Nouns but not as Adjectives.
walking-stick (a stick used for walking)
writing-pad (a pad used for writing)
sleeping-pill, visiting- room, working-men, looking-glass, carving-knife, frying-pan, swimming pool, running shoes, drinking water, a reading lamp,
Use of ‘Being’ and ‘Having’ as a Gerund:
Use of ‘Being’ as Gerund
Here, “being” is used with an adjective, a prepositional phrase, and a noun.
Being expresses the experience or condition.
More Examples:
Use of ‘Having’ as Gerund
‘Having’ can be used as the Subject, Object of a Preposition, or Subject Complement in a sentence.
Having is always followed by a Noun Phrase.
‘Having’ expresses the idea that we possess something.
The main difference between ‘being’ and ‘having’ as a Gerund:
“Being” expresses a state or experience.
Compound Gerunds with ‘being’ and ‘after’ + Past Participle.
After some verbs:
We use only Gerund but not Infinitives after the following verbs.
Verbs followed by Gerund.
• admit
• advise
• allow
• avoid
• can’t help
• can’t stand
• deny
• dislike
• enjoy
• fancy
• finish
• keep
• mind
• miss
• permit
• practise
• suggest
We can use either Infinitive or Gerund after the following Verbs.
• attempt
• begin
• bother
• cannot bear
• cease
• continue
• hate
• intend
• love
• prefer
• start
Related Reads:
Gerund
The Gerund: (Verbal Noun)
The form of the Verb ending in ‘-ing’ used as a Noun is called Gerund or Verbal Noun.
The form of the Present Participle and Gerund is the same but the usage is different.
Gerund: It has the force of a Verb and Noun. It is a Verbal Noun.
Examples:
Present Participle: It has the force of an Adjective and Verb. It is a Verbal Adjective.
Examples:
Uses of the Gerund:
As the Subject of a Verb
Examples:
As the Subject Complement (or Complement of the Verb)
Examples:
As the Object of a Verb
Examples:
As the Object of a Preposition
Examples:
Verbs with Prepositions followed by Gerund
Absolute Construction
Examples:
In Apposition to a Noun
Examples:
After Phrasal Verbs
(a verb + preposition or adverb)
Examples:
Note:
We use Gerund after some phrasal verbs with “to” as a preposition like:
to look forward to, to take to, to be accustomed to, to get around to, and to be used to.
Examples:
In some fixed expressions
Examples:
Correct use of the Gerund:
When Noun or Pronoun is used before a Gerund, we have you use its possessive form.
Examples:
Note:
But, we don’t use Possessive Case with the Gerund in the following situations.
Examples:
2. When the Noun refers to a lifeless thing and comes before a Gerund.
Examples:
In certain compound Nouns, Gerund + Noun is always used as only Nouns but not as Adjectives.
Examples:
walking-stick (a stick used for walking)
writing-pad (a pad used for writing)
sleeping-pill, visiting- room, working-men, looking-glass, carving-knife, frying-pan, swimming pool, running shoes, drinking water, a reading lamp,
Use of ‘Being’ and ‘Having’ as a Gerund:
Use of ‘Being’ as Gerund
Here, “being” is used with an adjective, a prepositional phrase, and a noun.
Being expresses the experience or condition.
Examples:
More Examples:
Use of ‘Having’ as Gerund
‘Having’ can be used as the Subject, Object of a Preposition, or Subject Complement in a sentence.
Having is always followed by a Noun Phrase.
‘Having’ expresses the idea that we possess something.
Examples:
More Examples:
The main difference between ‘being’ and ‘having’ as a Gerund:
“Being” expresses a state or experience.
Examples:
‘Having’ expresses the idea that we possess something.
Examples:
Compound Gerunds with ‘being’ and ‘after’ + Past Participle.
Examples:
After some verbs:
We use only Gerund but not Infinitives after the following verbs.
Examples:
Verbs followed by Gerund.
• admit
• advise
• allow
• avoid
• can’t help
• can’t stand
• deny
• dislike
• enjoy
• fancy
• finish
• keep
• mind
• miss
• permit
• practise
• suggest
Gerund or Infinitive:
We can use either Infinitive or Gerund after the following Verbs.
Examples:
• attempt
• begin
• bother
• cannot bear
• cease
• continue
• hate
• intend
• love
• prefer
• start
Related Reads:
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